Huadue tsamaisa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea rona, 'me re etsa tlhahiso eohle ka tlung. Ts'ebetso eohle ea rona ea tlhahiso e bulehile ebile e pepeneneng, e na le ts'ebetso e bonolo ho pholletsa le eona. Kamehla re etsa bonnete ba hore odara e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e tlisoa ka nako, e na le boleng bo tsitsitseng le bo tšepahalang.
Li-valve tsa rona tse entsoeng ka liheke li sebetsa ka mokhoa o phethahetseng tlas'a khatello e phahameng le mocheso o phahameng. Ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa mefuta eohle ea lipeipi tsa indasteri.

Bareki ba bangata ha ba tsebe phapang lipakeng tsa li-valve tse entsoeng le tse entsoeng! E-re ke u hlalosetse phapang.
E entsoeng ka ho lahla. E fana ka ts'ebetso ea theko e phahameng e nang le libopeho tse fapaneng, tse loketseng maemo a tloaelehileng a ho sebetsa mocheso oa kamore le khatello e bohareng ho ea tlase.
E thehiloe tlas'a mocheso o phahameng le khatello ea forging. E na le sebopeho sa lijo-thollo tse teteaneng tsa tšepe, matla a phahameng a mochini, ho hanyetsa ka matla khatello e phahameng le mocheso o phahameng, ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho tiisa le bophelo bo bolelele ba ts'ebeletso. E etselitsoe maemo a thata a ho sebetsa lik'hemik'hale, setsing sa motlakase le libakeng tse ling tsa indasteri.
E entsoe ka forging e phahameng ea mocheso, e nang le sebopeho se thata sa lijo-thollo, ha ho na masoba a moea, masoba a lehlabathe kapa likoli tsa shrinkage.
Matla a phahameng a kakaretso a mechine, a loketseng ka ho feletseng bakeng sa maemo a matla a ho sebetsa a mocheso o phahameng, khatello e phahameng, indasteri ea mouoane le lik'hemik'hale.
Phetoho e tlase ea 'mele, ho lekana ka thata lipakeng tsa heke le setulo, ho lutla ha zero le ho tiisa nako e telele.
Sebopeho se tsitsitseng sa metallographic, khoholeho e ntle le ho hanyetsa mokhathala, bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso ho feta li-valve tsa heke tse lahliloeng.
Ha ho bonolo ho petsoha, matla a matla a ho jara khatello, a loketseng liphaephe tsa bohlokoa lifemeng tsa motlakase, merero ea petrochemical le khase.
Moralo o kopaneng oa forging o nang le bots'epehi bo botle, ho kenya habonolo le tlhokomelo e bonolo.
Li-valve tsa heke tse entsoeng ka maiketsetso li sebelisoa haholo ho khaola kapa ho hokahanya mecha ea litaba ka liphaephe.
Hangata li sebelisoa ho petrochemical, feme ea matla, khase ea tlhaho, liindasteri tsa ho hloekisa oli.
E boetse e loketse maemo a phahameng a mocheso, khatello e phahameng ea ho sebetsa joalo ka tsamaiso ea mouoane, liphaephe tsa boiler le liphaephe tsa lik'hemik'hale.
Li loketse lipeipi tsa indasteri, boenjiniere ba matla le merero e thata ea boemo ba ho sebetsa e hlokang polokeho e phahameng le ho lutla ha zero.